First formed in the early ’50s, the Isley Brothers enjoy one of the longest, most influential, and most diverse careers in the pantheon of popular music — over the course of nearly a half century of performing, the group’s distinguished history spanned not only two generations of Isley siblings but also massive cultural shifts which heralded their music’s transformation from gritty R&B to Motown soul to blistering funk.

The first generation of Isley siblings was born and raised in Cincinnati, OH, where they were encouraged to begin a singing career by their father, himself a professional vocalist, and their mother, a church pianist who provided accompaniment at their early performances.

Initially a gospel quartet, the group was comprised of Ronald, Rudolph, O’Kelly, and Vernon Isley; after Vernon’s 1955 death in a bicycling accident, tenor Ronald was tapped as the remaining trio’s lead vocalist. In 1957, the brothers went to New York City to record a string of failed doo wop singles; while performing a spirited reading of the song “Lonely Teardrops” in Washington, D.C., two years later, they interjected the line “You know you make me want to shout,” which inspired frenzied audience feedback. An RCA executive in the audience saw the performance and when he signed the Isleys soon after, he instructed that their first single be constructed around their crowd-pleasing catch phrase; while the call-and-response classic “Shout” failed to reach the pop Top 40 on its initial release, it eventually became a frequently covered classic.

Still, success eluded the Isleys, and only after they left RCA in 1962 did they again have another hit, this time with their seminal cover of the Top Notes’ “Twist and Shout.” Like so many of the brothers’ early R&B records, “Twist and Shout” earned greater commercial success when later rendered by a white group — in this case, The Beatles; other acts who notched hits by closely following the Isleys’ blueprint were the Yardbirds (“Respectable,” also covered by the Outsiders), the Human Beinz (“Nobody but Me“), and Lulu (“Shout”). Read the rest of this entry »

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At the dawn of the 1980s, Juan Atkins began recording what stands as perhaps the most influential body of work in the field of techno. Exploring his vision of a futuristic music which welded the more cosmic side of Parliament funk with rigid computer synth-pop embodied by Kraftwerk and the techno-futurist possibilities described by sociologist Alvin Toffler (author of The Third Wave and Future Shock), Atkins blurred his name behind aliases such as Cybotron, Model 500 and Infiniti — all, except for Cybotron, comprised solely of himself — to release many classics of sublime Detroit techno.

And though it’s often difficult (and misleading) to pick the precise genesis for any style of music, the easiest choice for techno is an Atkins release, the 1982 electro track “Clear,” recorded by Atkins and Rick Davis as Cybotron. He soon left the progressively album-oriented Cybotron to begin working alone, and released his most seminal material from 1985 to 1989 as Model 500 And while fellow Detroit legends Kevin Saunderson and Derrick May were known for their erratic output during the following decade, Atkins recorded much more during the 1990s than he had during the ’80s, soaking up new rhythmic elements from contemporary dance music but keeping his unerring, instantly recognizable sense of melody intact throughout.

As the electronic scene began looking back to the past to find musical innovators, Atkins was a name much-discussed and -anthologized, hailed as the godfather of techno. Born in Detroit in 1962 (the son of a concert promoter), Juan Atkins began playing bass as a teenager and then moved on to keyboards and synthesizers, after being turned on to their use in Parliament records. Two local DJs, Ken Collier and the Electrifyin’ Mojo, first introduced Atkins to a wide range of other synthesizer-driven bands — Kraftwerk, Telex, Gary Numan, Prince, the B-52′s — in the late ’70s. Read the rest of this entry »

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During the mid-’70s, Germany’s Kraftwerk established the sonic blueprint followed by an extraordinary number of artists in the decades to come.

From the British new romantic movement to hip-hop to techno, the group’s self-described “robot pop” — hypnotically minimal, obliquely rhythmic music performed solely via electronic means — resonates in virtually every new development to impact the contemporary pop scene of the late- 20th century, and as pioneers of the electronic music form, their enduring influence cannot be overstated.

Kraftwerk emerged from the same German experimental music community of the late ’60s which also spawned Can and Tangerine Dream; primary members Florian Schneider and Ralf Hütter first met as classical music students at the Dusseldorf Conservatory, originally teaming in the group Organisation and issuing a 1970 album, Tone Float. Schneider and Hütter soon disbanded Organisation, re-christening themselves Kraftwerk (German for “power station”), beginning work on their own studio (later dubbed Kling Klang), and immersing their music in the fledgling world of minimalist electronics; their 1971 debut, titled simply Kraftwerk 1, offered a hint of their unique aesthetic in its earliest form, already implementing innovations including Schneider’s attempts at designing homemade rhythm machines. Read the rest of this entry »

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The first of many acts to cement the college town of Athens, GA, as a hotbed of alternative music, the B-52′s took their name from the Southern slang for the mile-high bouffant wigs sported by singers Kate Pierson and Cindy Wilson, a look emblematic of the band’s campy, thrift-store aesthetic. The five-piece group, which also included founding members Fred Schneider, guitarist Ricky Wilson (Cindy’s older brother), and drummer Keith Strickland, formed in the mid-’70s after a drunken evening at a Chinese restaurant; the band members had little or no previous musical experience, and performed most of their earliest shows with taped guitar and percussion accompaniment.

After pressing up a few thousand copies of the single “Rock Lobster,” the B-52′s traveled to the famed Max’s Kansas City club for their first paying gig. Subsequent appearances at CBGB brought the group to the attention of the New York press, and in 1979, they issued their self-titled debut album, a collection of manic, bizarre, and eminently danceable songs which scored an underground club hit with a reworked version of “Rock Lobster.” The following year, they issued Wild Planet, which reached the Top 20 on the U.S. album charts; Party Mix!, an EP’s worth of reworked material from the band’s first two proper outings, appeared in 1981. Read the rest of this entry »

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The Electrifying Mojo ( Charles Johnson from Little Rock, Arkansas) was a Detroit disc jockey (1977-mid 90′s) who shaped the social development of a generation of music-lovers in Detroit and throughout southeastern Michigan, N. Ohio, and Canada, and was of importance to the development of Detroit Techno .

He is recognized for having introduced or “broken” many artists into the Detroit radio market, including Prince, The B-52′s, and Kraftwerk , and was occasionally thanked on-air by the artists for his support of their work.

At 12 Midnight, the mother ship would land and Mojo would call to order The Midnight Funk Association, a 1 hour segment featuring funk artist of the day including Parliament-Funkadelic, Prince, Zapp, Gap Band, Rick James, The Time, classic rock artists like Pink Floyd, and Peter Frampton. or alternative artists like Talking Heads.

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